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Refrigerant circulation system
The liquid refrigerant in the evaporator absorbs heat from the water and begins to evaporate. After completely evaporating into a gaseous state, the liquid refrigerant is sucked in by the compressor and compressed. The gaseous refrigerant absorbs heat through the condenser, condensing into a liquid. After passing through the thermal expansion valve (or capillary tube) for throttling, it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and enters the evaporator, completing the refrigerant circulation process.
Components of the refrigeration system
Compressor: The compressor is the core component in the refrigeration system. Its function is to convert the input electrical energy into mechanical energy and compress the refrigerant.
Condenser: In the refrigeration process, the condenser plays the role of outputting thermal energy and enabling the refrigerant to condense. The high-pressure superheated vapor discharged from the refrigeration compressor enters the condenser, and all the heat absorbed from the evaporator, the refrigeration compressor, and the pipeline is transferred to the surrounding medium (water or air) for dissipation; the high-pressure superheated vapor of the refrigerant re-condenses into a liquid.
Liquid storage tank: The liquid storage tank is installed after the condenser and is directly connected to the liquid discharge pipe of the condenser. The refrigerant liquid from the condenser should flow smoothly into the storage tank without any obstruction. This allows for the full utilization of the cooling area of the condenser. On the other hand, when the heat load of the evaporator changes, the demand for refrigerant liquid also changes. At that time, the storage tank plays the role of regulating and storing the refrigerant.
Drying filter: In the refrigeration cycle, it is necessary to prevent water and impurities (such as oil, iron filings, copper filings) from entering. If the water in the system is not completely removed, when the refrigerant passes through the throttling valve (thermostatic expansion valve or capillary tube), due to the decrease in pressure and temperature, sometimes the water will solidify into ice, blocking the channels and affecting the normal operation of the refrigeration device.
Thermal expansion valve: The thermal expansion valve in the refrigeration system serves as both a flow regulating valve and a throttling valve. It is installed between the dry filter and the evaporator in the refrigeration equipment. Its temperature sensing bulb is wrapped around the outlet of the evaporator. Its main function is to cause the high-pressure and normal-temperature refrigerant liquid to throttle and depressurize as it flows through the thermal expansion valve, transforming into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant wet vapor (which enters the evaporator, where it vaporizes and absorbs heat to achieve the purpose of cooling and reducing temperature).
Evaporator: The evaporator is a heat exchange device that absorbs the heat from the cooled medium through the evaporation of refrigerant liquid. Its function in the refrigeration system is to absorb heat (or output cooling capacity). To ensure that the evaporation process can proceed stably and continuously, the evaporated gas must be constantly removed by the refrigeration compressor to maintain a certain evaporation pressure.
Refrigerant: Its function is to carry heat and achieve heat absorption and release during state changes.
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